音樂噴泉是一種集藝術(shù)美和音樂于一體的一種現(xiàn)代化的日常生活?yuàn)蕵沸蓍e設(shè)備，從*原始的純粹噴泉發(fā)展趨勢變成現(xiàn)在的音樂噴泉，再到后來的影片噴泉，它走過了一個(gè)飛速發(fā)展的路途，在今日越來越更為漂亮和時(shí)尚。今日將給各位一個(gè)音樂噴泉造成的基本原理。

　　音樂噴泉是通過千姿百態(tài)的噴泉造型設(shè)計(jì)，融合五顏六色的彩光照明燈具，來體現(xiàn)音樂的涵義及音樂的主題風(fēng)格，一座好的音樂噴泉，水形的轉(zhuǎn)變應(yīng)當(dāng)可以全面地體現(xiàn)曲子。是在程序流程控制噴泉的前提下加入了音樂控制系統(tǒng)軟件，電子計(jì)算機(jī)根據(jù)對(duì)聲頻及MIDI數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)的鑒別，開展譯碼器和編號(hào)，**將信息導(dǎo)出到控制系統(tǒng)軟件，使噴泉的造型設(shè)計(jì)及燈光效果的改變與音樂維持同歩，進(jìn)而做到噴泉水型、光線及顏色的改變與音樂心態(tài)的完美結(jié)合，使噴泉演出更為栩栩如生更為頗具含義及反映水的造型藝術(shù)。音樂噴泉：能夠依據(jù)音樂的高低起伏轉(zhuǎn)變?？蛻裟軌蛟诰帉戫撁孀珜懽陨硐矚g的音樂程序流程。播放視頻系統(tǒng)軟件能夠完成音樂、水、燈光效果氛圍統(tǒng)一，播放視頻同歩。

　　簡易得而言，音樂噴泉的基本原理：其實(shí)就是將數(shù)字音頻轉(zhuǎn)化成電頻數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)電頻數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)根據(jù)變頻調(diào)速器控制水泵使水泵的工作壓力隨音樂的節(jié)奏感的轉(zhuǎn)變。依據(jù)播放視頻的音樂來控制水流，做到與音樂同步的實(shí)際效果，而水流是通過水泵來控制的，而水泵是通過三相異步電機(jī)組合而成的，三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速比假如進(jìn)入直流開關(guān)電源，轉(zhuǎn)速比不是轉(zhuǎn)變的，變頻調(diào)速器是針對(duì)電機(jī)調(diào)速的設(shè)備。由變頻調(diào)速器控制電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速，使水流產(chǎn)生變化。更改工作頻率就改變了電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速，也就改變了水泵的工作壓力，音樂的不一樣工作頻率經(jīng)51單片機(jī)解決送至變頻電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制端，使電機(jī)功率隨音樂的聲調(diào)，節(jié)奏感，和高低轉(zhuǎn)變，水泵的負(fù)擔(dān)隨著轉(zhuǎn)變，噴岀的水就有多少轉(zhuǎn)變，并且是通過多套機(jī)器設(shè)備對(duì)多個(gè)噴頭執(zhí)行控制噴泉的生成是水泵。將音樂的步調(diào)和抗壓強(qiáng)度變化為控制數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)，此數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)再控制一個(gè)工作電壓控制元器件，開關(guān)電源通過這一工作電壓控制元器件后，輸出電壓也隨音樂的變動(dòng)而更改，隨后控制水泵電動(dòng)機(jī)。

　　在音樂噴泉中，一些企業(yè)使用了現(xiàn)階段國際性**進(jìn)的根據(jù)WINDOWSNT下的分布式系統(tǒng)電子計(jì)算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)軟件。系統(tǒng)軟件具備創(chuàng)新性、開放式、應(yīng)用性、安全系數(shù)等五大特點(diǎn)。

　　全自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)是音樂噴泉中*關(guān)鍵的技術(shù)性，其主要特點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)在下述一些層面：

　　一、高質(zhì)量的音樂信號(hào)分析系統(tǒng)軟件

　　運(yùn)用中科院自動(dòng)化所在語言識(shí)別層面的國際領(lǐng)先技術(shù)性，研發(fā)了音樂數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)32位電子計(jì)算機(jī)解決系統(tǒng)軟件(MUCS)，將音樂數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)開展頻譜分析和延遲解決，獲取音樂數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)中合適噴泉控制的相關(guān)成分贈(zèng)給主控芯片機(jī)，并能將音樂數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)隨意延遲，使噴泉和音樂同歩。

　　二、集中化分散型控制系統(tǒng)軟件

　　本噴泉由主控芯片機(jī)立即控制，主控芯片機(jī)具備如下所示特點(diǎn)：

　　1.音樂信號(hào)采集作用，按工作頻率特點(diǎn)提取相關(guān)成分。

　　2.對(duì)噴泉機(jī)器設(shè)備開展故障檢測，能夠?qū)Ψ?wù)器運(yùn)行狀態(tài)、走電及推動(dòng)柜運(yùn)行狀態(tài)開展確診。

　　3.漢語菜單式電腦操作系統(tǒng)，使操作人員可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)學(xué)好實(shí)際操作，具備音樂噴泉的各種各樣動(dòng)態(tài)性造型設(shè)計(jì)和花式轉(zhuǎn)變表明作用，使操作人員根據(jù)電腦屏幕就可觀查到噴泉的各種各樣轉(zhuǎn)變，巨大地區(qū)便了音樂噴泉的配曲和操作人員應(yīng)用。

　　4.敞開式構(gòu)造，工業(yè)觸摸屏友善，通訊接口及編程技巧對(duì)消費(fèi)者開放式，只需根據(jù)電腦鼠標(biāo)的兩種鍵就能進(jìn)行音樂噴泉的配曲，這樣就非常容易使音樂噴泉配曲庫不斷完善，總給人耳目一新的感受。

　　5.對(duì)音樂噴泉的立即控制，立即推動(dòng)泵、變頻調(diào)速器或伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器。

　　6.擺動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)的擺動(dòng)速率及方位控制，較大控制量1024或大量。噴泉控制器使用了MUCS系統(tǒng)軟件，可以與一切音頻相連(CD機(jī)、收錄機(jī)、現(xiàn)場演出等)，在確保音樂數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)無失確實(shí)情況下，使音樂與噴泉徹底同歩。

　　三、安全性及穩(wěn)定性

　　1.每一路被控制機(jī)器設(shè)備均組裝過壓、過電流、漏電保護(hù)開關(guān)，一旦發(fā)生故障，可以全自動(dòng)切斷電源，穩(wěn)定的保障該路噴泉機(jī)器設(shè)備不會(huì)受到損害，確保生命安全。

　　2.從工業(yè)生產(chǎn)控制工程實(shí)踐中匯總出一套獨(dú)具特色的保護(hù)接地方法，進(jìn)一步提高安全系數(shù)。

　　3.控制器一部分規(guī)模性地選用功率大的無觸點(diǎn)開關(guān)電磁閥，減少了電磁感應(yīng)火苗影響，大大減少了主回路的常見故障，增加了使用期限。

　　做為音樂噴泉，不太可能在**內(nèi)長期演出，這兒由于：**用電量大，第二長期打開會(huì)使之欠缺神秘感，特別是在在大白天無燈光效果時(shí)，實(shí)際效果較差。噴泉做為全部城市廣場的一景，除音樂演出外還需考慮到做為固定不動(dòng)旅游景點(diǎn)時(shí)水型的表達(dá)效果。固定不動(dòng)水型的使用時(shí)間是*多的。因而，噴泉水型設(shè)計(jì)方案與挑選除用考慮到演出音樂時(shí)的藝術(shù)美，同時(shí)也考慮到做為園林水景時(shí)的實(shí)際效果，因此控制上的設(shè)定有不一樣的作用。

　　1.手動(dòng)式控制：在日間或晚間音樂演出間歇性時(shí)，點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)單獨(dú)開啟一些水型，產(chǎn)生一組成造型設(shè)計(jì)固定不動(dòng)不會(huì)改變。節(jié)省能源，平常*常用。

　　2.程序流程控制：如果您期待有不一樣的搭配造型設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變，則可開啟水平作用，使水型按制定的系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)變，產(chǎn)生不一樣的外觀，讓人體會(huì)不一樣風(fēng)景的美好。

　　3.即時(shí)語音控制：為現(xiàn)階段中國絕大部分企業(yè)廣泛使用的一種控制方法，它的特點(diǎn)是可回應(yīng)一切音頻數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)，當(dāng)場彈奏卡拉OK等，但此類控制方法有一些缺陷。**，水型姿勢要比音樂落后，讓人覺得噴泉姿勢與音樂不協(xié)調(diào)。次之，水型的發(fā)生組成與發(fā)生時(shí)間長短，為固定不動(dòng)反復(fù)的并且無論一切曲子，因此會(huì)出現(xiàn)演出水型與音樂所表達(dá)的情感不一致。如慷慨激昂的樂符，很有可能發(fā)生晃動(dòng)水型，而柔和節(jié)奏時(shí)，又發(fā)生又高又大的水質(zhì)，讓人聽覺系統(tǒng)體會(huì)與視覺感受不一致。第三，曲子的感情文章段落與水型轉(zhuǎn)變時(shí)長不符合，并且千篇一律。

　　4.預(yù)編控制方法：是依據(jù)某一首鋼琴曲的情緒與詩意，人力編寫各種各樣水型、姿勢、燈光效果、水泵的打開和關(guān)掉，使噴泉的演出與音樂的感情和詩意相符合。此作用在控制技術(shù)性、電子信息技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)層面有一定的綜合性難度系數(shù)。

　　Music fountain is a kind of modern daily entertainment and leisure equipment integrating artistic beauty and music. From the most primitive pure fountain development trend to the present music fountain, and then to the later film fountain, it has gone through a road of rapid development and is becoming more and more beautiful and fashionable today. Today I will give you a basic principle of music fountain.

　　Music fountain reflects the meaning of music and the theme style of music through a variety of fountain design and the integration of colorful color lighting lamps. A good music fountain should be able to fully reflect the music through the transformation of water shape. The music control system software is added on the premise that the program flow controls the fountain. The electronic computer develops the decoder and number according to the identification of audio and MIDI data signals. Finally, the information is exported to the control system software, so that the shape design and lighting effect of the fountain can keep pace with the music, so as to achieve the perfect combination of the water type, light and color of the fountain and the music mentality, It is a plastic art that makes the fountain performance more lifelike, meaningful and reflects water. Music fountain: it can change according to the ups and downs of music. Customers can write their favorite music program flow on the writing page. The playing video system software can achieve the unification of music, water and lighting effects and atmosphere, and play video at the same time.

　　Simply put, the basic principle of the music fountain: in fact, it is to convert the digital audio into the electric frequency data signal. The electric frequency data signal controls the water pump according to the frequency converter, so that the working pressure of the water pump changes with the rhythm of the music. Control the water flow according to the music of playing video, so as to achieve the actual effect of synchronization with music. The water flow is controlled by the water pump, and the water pump is composed of three-phase asynchronous motor. If the speed ratio of three-phase asynchronous motor enters the DC switching power supply, the speed ratio is not changed. The frequency converter is a device for motor speed regulation. The speed of the motor is controlled by the frequency converter to change the water flow. Changing the working frequency changes the speed of the motor and the working pressure of the water pump. The different working frequencies of the music are sent to the control end of the variable-frequency motor through the 51 single-chip microcomputer, so that the motor power changes with the tone, rhythm and height of the music. With the change of the burden of the water pump, the amount of water sprayed changes. In addition, the fountain is generated by controlling multiple nozzles through multiple sets of machines and equipment. Change the pace and compressive strength of music into a control data signal, which then controls a working voltage control component. After the switching power supply controls the component through this working voltage, the output voltage also changes with the change of music, and then controls the water pump motor.

　　In the music fountain, some enterprises use the most advanced international distributed system electronic computer control system software based on WindowsNT. The system software has five characteristics: innovation, openness, applicability and safety factor.

　　The fully automatic control technology is the most critical technology in the music fountain, and its main characteristics are reflected in the following aspects:

　　1、 High quality music signal analysis system software

　　Using the international leading technology in the language recognition level of the Institute of automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it has developed a 32-bit electronic computer solution system software (MUCs) for music data signals, which carries out spectrum analysis and delay resolution for music data signals, obtains relevant components of appropriate fountain control in music data signals and gives them to the main control chip computer, and can delay the music data signals at will, so that fountains and music can go together.

　　2、 Centralized and decentralized control system software

　　The fountain is immediately controlled by the master chip computer, which has the following features:

　　1. the function of music signal acquisition is to extract relevant components according to the characteristics of working frequency.

　　2. carry out fault detection for fountain machinery and equipment, and be able to diagnose the running status of server, power on and driving cabinet.

　　3. the Chinese menu type computer operating system enables the operators to learn the actual operation well in a short time. It has various dynamic modeling design and fancy transformation demonstration functions of the music fountain, enabling the operators to observe various changes of the fountain according to the computer screen, facilitating the music matching and application of the music fountain in a huge area.

　　4. the open structure, friendly industrial touch screen, communication interface and programming skills are open to consumers. The music fountain can be composed according to the two keys of the computer mouse. In this way, it is very easy to continuously improve the music fountain music library and always give people a fresh feeling.

　　5. immediately control the music fountain, and immediately push the pump, frequency converter or servo driver.

　　6. control the swing speed and direction of the swing motor, with a large control amount of 1024 or a large amount. The fountain controller uses MUCs system software, which can be connected with all audio (CD player, tape recorder, live performance, etc.) to ensure that the music data signal is accurate, so that the music and fountain can be completely synchronized.

　　3、 Safety and stability

　　1. each controlled machine and equipment is equipped with over-voltage, over-current and leakage protection switches. In case of failure, the power supply can be cut off automatically to stably ensure that the fountain machine and equipment in this road will not be damaged and ensure life safety.

　　2. a set of unique protective grounding methods are summarized from the practice of industrial production control engineering to further improve the safety factor.

　　3. part of the controller adopts contactless switching solenoid valve with high power on a large scale, which reduces the influence of electromagnetic induction flame, greatly reduces the common faults of the main circuit and increases the service life.

　　As a music fountain, it is unlikely to perform for a long time in a day. The first reason is that the power consumption is large, and the second reason is that it will lack a sense of mystery if it is opened for a long time. Especially in the daytime, when there is no lighting effect, the actual effect is poor. As a scene of all city squares, besides music performance, the fountain also needs to consider the expression effect of water type when it is a fixed tourist attraction. The use time of fixed water type is the most. Therefore, the design scheme and selection of fountain water type not only consider the artistic beauty of performing music, but also consider the actual effect as a garden waterscape, so the setting of control has a different role.

　　1. manual control: when the music performance is intermittent during the day or at night, click the mouse to open some water forms separately to produce a composition whose shape design is fixed and will not change. Energy saving, commonly used.

　　2. program flow control: if you expect to have different matching design changes, you can start the horizontal function to make the water type change according to the formulated system, produce different appearance, and make the human body have different beautiful scenery.

　　3. real time voice control: it is a control method widely used by most Chinese enterprises at this stage. Its characteristic is that it can respond to all audio data signals, play Karaoke on the spot, etc., but this control method has some defects. First of all, the water posture lags behind the music, making people feel that the fountain posture is incompatible with the music. Secondly, the occurrence composition and duration of the water type are fixed and repeated regardless of all the songs, so the emotion expressed by the performance of the water type and the music will be inconsistent. For example, the impassioned music Fu is likely to shake the water type, and when the rhythm is soft, the high and large water quality will occur, which makes the auditory system experience inconsistent with the visual experience. Third, the emotional passage of the song is inconsistent with the length of water type transformation, and it is the same.

　　4. pre editing control method: manually compile various water types, postures, lighting effects, and the opening and closing of water pumps according to the emotion and poetry of a piano music, so that the performance of the fountain is consistent with the emotion and poetry of the music. This function has a certain comprehensive difficulty coefficient at the level of control technology, electronic information technology and communication technology.