答：生活污水處理的六個(gè)步驟

 　污水處理流程1：廢水**歷經(jīng)格柵、篩網(wǎng)后流至絮凝沉淀池,為了更好地使處理效果好,在絮凝沉淀池中加入混凝劑,使廢水中懸浮物治理效果更好,混凝加藥也起到調(diào)節(jié)廢水的作用.絮凝沉淀后的廢水流入預(yù)曝氣調(diào)節(jié)池中。

　　污水處理流程2：曝氣調(diào)節(jié)池中通入空氣,起到預(yù)曝氣調(diào)節(jié)的作用.調(diào)節(jié)均勻的廢水用泵**到一級(jí)浮動(dòng)填料生化池里。

　　污水處理流程3：生化池里組裝充氧高效率很高的曝氣頭,并裝入浮動(dòng)填料,實(shí)踐證明該項(xiàng)技術(shù)對(duì)COD和BOD有較高的除去高效率。一級(jí)浮動(dòng)填料生化池里廢水自流入二級(jí)浮動(dòng)填料生化池,二池采用方法相同。

　　污水處理流程4：二級(jí)浮動(dòng)填料生化池水自流入斜板沉淀池中.池里加入聚丙烯蜂窩斜管,可大幅提高沉降高效率,此外水力負(fù)載高,停留時(shí)間短,占地總面積小。

　　污水處理流程5：混凝沉淀池與斜板沉淀池沉淀污泥排入污泥濃縮池中,然后經(jīng)污泥脫水機(jī)械脫水。

　　污水處理流程6：斜板沉淀池排出的水流入清水池中,經(jīng)檢測(cè)后外排。

　　污水處理按照處理程度來分可分為一級(jí)處理、二級(jí)處理和三級(jí)處理。

　?、僖患?jí)處理主要是除去污水中呈懸浮狀態(tài)的固體物質(zhì)，常用物理法。

　?、诙?jí)處理的主要任務(wù)是大幅度除去污水中的**物，BOD去除率為80%～90%。

　?、廴?jí)處理的目的是更進(jìn)一步除去某種特殊的污染物質(zhì)，如除氟、除磷等，歸屬于深層處理，常用化學(xué)法。

　污水處理方法：

　　1、按作用分：污水處理按照其作用可分為物理法、生物法和化學(xué)法三種。

　　(1)物理法：主要利用物理作用分離污水中的非溶解性物質(zhì)，在處理過程中不改變化學(xué)性質(zhì)。常用的有重力分離、離心分離、反滲透、氣浮等。物理法處理構(gòu)筑物較簡(jiǎn)單、經(jīng)濟(jì)，用于村鎮(zhèn)水體容量大、自凈能力強(qiáng)、污水處理程度要求不高的情況。

　　(2)生物法：利用微生物的新陳代謝功能，將污水中呈溶解或膠體狀態(tài)的**物分解氧化為穩(wěn)定的無機(jī)物質(zhì)，使污水得到凈化。常用的有活性污泥法和生物膜法。生物法處理程度比物理法要高。

　　(3)化學(xué)法：是利用化學(xué)反應(yīng)作用來處理或回收污水的溶解物質(zhì)或膠體物質(zhì)的方法，多用于工業(yè)廢水。常用的有混凝法、中和法、氧化還原法、離子交換法等。化學(xué)處理法處理效果好、費(fèi)用高，多用作生化處理后的出水，作進(jìn)一步的處理，提高出水水質(zhì)。

　　2、按處理程度分：污水處理按照處理程度來分可分為一級(jí)處理、二級(jí)處理和三級(jí)處理。

　　(1)一級(jí)處理主要是去除污水中呈懸浮狀態(tài)的固體物質(zhì)，常用物理法。

　　(2)二級(jí)處理的主要任務(wù)是大幅度去除污水中呈膠體和溶解狀態(tài)的**物，BOD去除率為80%～90%。

　　(3)三級(jí)處理的目的是進(jìn)一步去除某種特殊的污染物質(zhì)，如除氟、除磷等，屬于深度處理，常用化學(xué)法。

　　參考資料來源：百度百科--污水處理

　　污水處理的集中方法：

　　**種可直接利用的污水，家庭就可以直接處理了，如：淘米水，洗菜的水、洗衣服的水等生活用水，淘米水、洗菜水等可以直接用了澆花、澆菜。洗衣服的水可以用來沖廁所。

　　第二種不能直接利用的，就有一下幾自方法：

　　1) 物理法：利用物理作用處理、分離和回收廢水中的污染物。例如沉淀法(重力分離法)除去水中相對(duì)密度大于1的懸浮物; 過濾法(濾網(wǎng) 沙層 活性碳)可除去水中的懸浮物;蒸發(fā)法用于濃縮廢水中不揮發(fā)性和可溶性物質(zhì)，另外還有離心分離法、汽浮(浮選)法、 高梯度磁分離法等。

　　2)化學(xué)法：利用化學(xué)反應(yīng)或物理化學(xué)作用處理回收可溶性廢物或膠狀物質(zhì)。例如中和法用于中和酸性或堿性廢水;萃取法利用可溶性廢物在兩相作用中溶解度不同的“分配”，回收酚類和重金屬等;氧化還原法用來除去廢水中還原性或氧化性污染物，殺滅天然水體中的病原菌。此外還有混凝法和化學(xué)沉淀法等。

　　3) 物理化學(xué)法：吸附法、離子交換法、萃取法、膜析法、蒸發(fā)法。

　　4)生物法：利用微生物的生化作用處理廢水中的**污染物。例如，生物過濾法和活性污泥法來處理生活污水或**生產(chǎn)廢水，使**物轉(zhuǎn)化降解成無機(jī)鹽而得到凈化。還有生物膜法、生物塘法。

　　5) 污泥土地處理法：用于**質(zhì)處理。污水灌溉，慢速下滲，快速下滲就要通過污水處理廠進(jìn)行處理，然后在循環(huán)使用，用來沖廁所等用。

　　Answer: six steps of domestic sewage treatment

　　Sewage treatment process 1: the wastewater flows to the flocculation sedimentation tank after passing through the grid and screen first. In order to make the treatment effect better, coagulants are added to the flocculation sedimentation tank to make the treatment effect of suspended solids in the wastewater better. Coagulant dosing also plays a role in regulating the wastewater The wastewater after flocculation and sedimentation flows into the pre aeration regulating tank.

　　Sewage treatment process 2: air is introduced into the aeration regulating tank to play the role of pre aeration regulation The evenly regulated wastewater is pumped into the primary floating filler biochemical tank.

　　Sewage treatment process 3: the aeration head with high oxygenation efficiency is assembled in the biochemical tank and loaded with floating filler. Practice has proved that this technology has high removal efficiency for COD and BOD. The wastewater in the primary floating filler biochemical tank flows into the secondary floating filler biochemical tank by itself, and the methods used in the secondary tank are the same.

　　Sewage treatment process 4: the water of the secondary floating filler biochemical tank flows into the inclined plate sedimentation tank by itself Adding polypropylene honeycomb inclined pipe into the pool can greatly improve the sedimentation efficiency. In addition, it has high hydraulic load, short residence time and small total area.

　　Sewage treatment process 5: the sludge precipitated in the coagulation sedimentation tank and inclined plate sedimentation tank is discharged into the sludge thickener, and then dewatered by the sludge dewatering machine.

　　Sewage treatment process 6: the water discharged from the inclined plate sedimentation tank flows into the clean water tank and is discharged after detection.

　　Sewage treatment can be divided into primary treatment, secondary treatment and tertiary treatment according to the degree of treatment.

　?、?The primary treatment is mainly to remove the suspended solid substances in the sewage, which is commonly used by physical methods.

　?、?The main task of the secondary treatment is to greatly remove the organic matter in the sewage, and the BOD removal rate is 80% - 90%.

　?、?The purpose of tertiary treatment is to further remove some special pollutants, such as fluoride and phosphorus removal. It belongs to deep treatment and is commonly used by chemical methods.

　　Treatment method:

　　1. By function: according to its function, sewage treatment can be divided into physical method, biological method and chemical method.

　　(1) Physical method: it mainly uses physical action to separate insoluble substances in sewage, and does not change chemical properties during treatment. Commonly used are gravity separation, centrifugal separation, reverse osmosis, air flotation, etc. Physical treatment of structures is relatively simple and economical. It is used in villages and towns with large water capacity, strong self purification capacity and low requirements for sewage treatment.

　　(2) Biological method: using the metabolic function of microorganisms, decompose and oxidize the dissolved or colloidal organic matter in the sewage into stable inorganic substances, so that the sewage can be purified. Activated sludge process and biofilm process are commonly used. The treatment degree of biological method is higher than that of physical method.

　　(3) Chemical method: it is a method that uses chemical reaction to treat or recover dissolved substances or colloidal substances in sewage, which is mostly used in industrial wastewater. Commonly used are coagulation method, Zhonghe method, oxidation-reduction method, ion exchange method, etc. The chemical treatment method has good treatment effect and high cost. It is mostly used as the effluent after biochemical treatment for further treatment to improve the effluent quality.

　　2. According to the degree of treatment: sewage treatment can be divided into primary treatment, secondary treatment and tertiary treatment according to the degree of treatment.

　　(1) The primary treatment is mainly to remove the suspended solid substances in the sewage, which is commonly used by physical methods.

　　(2) The main task of the secondary treatment is to greatly remove the colloidal and dissolved organic matter in the sewage, and the BOD removal rate is 80% - 90%.

　　(3) The purpose of tertiary treatment is to further remove some special pollutants, such as fluoride and phosphorus removal. It belongs to advanced treatment, and chemical methods are commonly used.

　　Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia - sewage treatment

　　Centralized method of sewage treatment:

　　The first kind of sewage that can be directly used can be directly treated by families, such as rice washing water, vegetable washing water, clothes washing water and other domestic water. Rice washing water and vegetable washing water can be directly used to water flowers and vegetables. The water for washing clothes can be used to flush the toilet.

　　The second method that cannot be directly used is the following:

　　1) Physical method: use physical action to treat, separate and recover pollutants in wastewater. For example, sedimentation method (gravity separation method) removes suspended solids with a relative density greater than 1 in water; Filtration method (activated carbon in filter screen sand layer) can remove suspended solids in water; Evaporation method is used to concentrate nonvolatile and soluble substances in wastewater. In addition, centrifugal separation method, steam flotation (flotation) method, high gradient magnetic separation method, etc.

　　2) Chemical method: use chemical reaction or physical and chemical action to treat and recover soluble waste or colloidal substances. For example, neutralization method is used to neutralize acidic or alkaline wastewater; Extraction method uses the "distribution" of different solubility of soluble waste in two-phase interaction to recover phenols and heavy metals; Oxidation reduction method is used to remove reducing or oxidizing pollutants in wastewater and kill pathogenic bacteria in natural water. In addition, there are coagulation method and chemical precipitation method.

　　3) Physical and chemical methods: adsorption method, ion exchange method, extraction method, membrane analysis method, evaporation method.

　　4) Biological method: use the biochemical action of microorganisms to treat organic pollutants in wastewater. For example, biological filtration method and activated sludge method are used to treat domestic sewage or organic production wastewater, so that organic matter can be transformed and degraded into inorganic salts and purified. There are also biofilm method and biological pond method.

　　5) Sludge land treatment method: used for organic matter treatment. Sewage irrigation, slow infiltration, fast infiltration is to be treated through the sewage treatment plant, and then recycled for toilet flushing, etc.